{"id":621,"date":"2015-10-20T06:37:13","date_gmt":"2015-10-20T03:07:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pahlevanzadeh.org\/?p=621"},"modified":"2019-05-29T23:34:27","modified_gmt":"2019-05-29T19:04:27","slug":"iproute2-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-net-tools-%d8%a7%db%8c%d9%86-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-static-routing-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-%d8%b3%d9%88%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/?p=621","title":{"rendered":"iproute2 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 net-tools (\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a: static routing) (\u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0645)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06f2 Routing Table \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc local \u0648 main \u062a\u0627 \u06f2\u06f5\u06f2 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 route \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 RPDB  \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 Routing Policy Database \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 ip route \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0632 ip rule \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 RPDB \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062f. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 ip route \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pahlevanzadeh.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/linux_foundation.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/www.pahlevanzadeh.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/linux_foundation.png\" alt=\"linux_foundation\" width=\"300\" height=\"91\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-629\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n\u0647\u0631 Routing Table \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc entry \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 Entry \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\n\u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f; \u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 Network \u06cc\u0627 Host<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nToS <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nscope<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\n\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc interface : \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 route \u0645\u0630\u06a9\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0647\u0631 Table \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 etc\/iproute2\/rt_tables\/ \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\">$ cat \/etc\/iproute2\/rt_tables \r\n#\r\n# reserved values\r\n#\r\n255\tlocal\r\n254\tmain\r\n253\tdefault\r\n0\tunspec\r\n#\r\n# local\r\n#\r\n#1\tinr.ruhep\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 table \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\n\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 table<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nID \u06cc\u06a9 table<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route  show table main\r\n# ip route  show table 254<\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\">default via 192.168.42.129 dev enx0253343a3532 \r\ndefault dev eth0  scope link  metric 1002 \r\n169.254.0.0\/16 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 169.254.7.96 \r\n192.168.42.0\/24 dev enx0253343a3532  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.42.173 <\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647:<\/strong>  enx0253343a3532 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a interface \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 USB \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br \/>\n<strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647:<\/strong> \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f. \u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 (8)ip-route \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size:18px;\"><strong>\u06f1. \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 query \u0628\u0627 ip route <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip r\r\n# ip route\r\n# ip route list\r\n# ip route show\r\n# ip route show table 254\r\n# ip route show table main<\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647<\/strong>: \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 main \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f.<br \/>\n\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\">default via 192.168.42.129 dev enxfa618e570c82 \r\ndefault dev eth0  scope link  metric 1002 \r\n169.254.0.0\/16 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 169.254.7.96 \r\n192.168.42.0\/24 dev enxfa618e570c82  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.42.202 \r\n<\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647:<\/strong> \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 route \u062f\u0631 net-tools \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 gateway \u0627\u0631\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0631 iproute2 \u0628\u0647 default \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 Default Route \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\n\u0628\u0627 net-tool :<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># route -n |sed '3!d'\r\n0.0.0.0         192.168.42.129  0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 enxfa618e570c82<\/pre>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\n\u0628\u0627 iproute2:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip r |sed '1!d'\r\ndefault via 192.168.42.129 dev enxfa618e570c82 \r\n<\/pre>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647:<\/strong> \u0627\u0645\u0627 default \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645.(\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 Default Gateway \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.)<br \/>\n<strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647:<\/strong> \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 Default Gateway \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 Routing \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0632\u062f.<br \/>\n\u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 show \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c\u200c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a grep \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u062e\u0648\u062f ip route \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a query \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u0633\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route show to  192.168.1.0\/24\r\n192.168.1.0\/24 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.1.7 <\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 show \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06f2 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 to \u06cc\u0627 from \u067e\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 to \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f dst \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635  \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06af\u0631 from\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f src \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<br \/>\n\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06f3 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nroot<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nexact<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nmatch<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647:<\/strong> \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 show \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642 \u0634\u0648\u0645.<br \/>\n\u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc query \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 get \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route  get 192.168.42.0\r\nbroadcast 192.168.42.0 dev vboxnet0  src 192.168.42.89 \r\n    cache <local,brd> <\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647:<\/strong> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u062f: \u06a9\u0634 routing table \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f \u06a9\u0634 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06f2\u06f5\u06f2 table \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc Routing Table \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc cache \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route flush cache<\/pre>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0634 \u067e\u0627\u06a9 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0627 route \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<br \/>\n<strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647:<\/strong> \u06a9\u0634 routing table \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 forwarding information base (FIB) \u0628\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 routing table \u0631\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<br \/>\n\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route save 1> rt.dump\r\n# ip route add 192.168.1.0\/24 dev eth0\r\n# ip route restore < rt.dump<\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 STDIN \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0637 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 default gateway \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\">RTNETLINK answers: Network is unreachable<\/pre>\n<p>\u067e\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 default gateway \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 restore \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0645 restore \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size:18px;\"><strong>\u06f2. \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 route type \u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 Entry \u062f\u0631 Routing Table \u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nunicast : \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 route \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 routing table \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 unicast \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0647\u0631 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 route \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u062d\u062a\u06cc route \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f nexthop \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc unicast \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 CMD \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 unicast \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 route \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 unicast \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Default Gateway \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 route \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0639 unicast \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route add unicast 192.168.0.0\/24 via 192.168.101.5\r\n# ip route add default via 190.4.250.2\r\n# ip route add unicast default via 201.5.21.19\r\n# ip route add 10.40.0.0\/16 via 10.7.7.25<\/pre>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nbroadcast : \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 route \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Link Layer \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 local \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route add table local broadcast 10.10.20.255 dev eth2 proto kernel scope link src 10.10.40.47\r\n# ip route add table local broadcast 192.168.43.31 dev eth3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.42.15<\/pre>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nlocal : \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 IP \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 interface \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 route \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 local \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 IP \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 IP \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route add table local local 10.10.20.64 dev eth2 proto kernel scope host src 10.10.40.47\r\n# ip route add table local local 192.168.43.12 dev eth3 proto kernel scope host src 192.168.42.15<\/pre>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nnat : \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 stateless NAT \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 entry \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 routing table \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route add nat 193.7.255.184 via 172.16.80.184\r\n# ip route add nat 10.40.0.0\/16 via 172.43.0.0<\/pre>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nunreachable : \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645 Routing \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f unreachable \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 ICMP Unreachable \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route add unreachable 172.16.82.18\r\n# ip route add unreachable 192.168.1.0\/26\r\n# ip route add unreachable 209.10.24.51<\/pre>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nprohibit : \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645 Routing \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f prohibit \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 ICMP prohibit \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0641\u0631\u0642 prohibit \u0648  blakhole \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f reject \u0648 drop \u062f\u0631 iptables \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route add  prohibit 172.16.82.18\r\n# ip route add  prohibit 192.168.1.0\/26\r\n# ip route add  prohibit 209.10.24.51<\/pre>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nblackhole : \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 route type \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 ICMP message \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route add blackhole default\r\n# ip route add blackhole 202.143.170.0\/24\r\n# ip route add blackhole 64.65.64.0\/18<\/pre>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nthrow : \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 route type \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06cc lookup \u0634\u062f\u0646 route \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route add throw default\r\n# ip route add throw 10.79.0.0\/16\r\n# ip route add throw 172.16.0.0\/12<\/pre>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size:18px;\"><strong>\u06f3. \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648 subnet \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 Gateway \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<br \/>\n\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0627 watch \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f. <\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size:16px;\"><strong>\u06f1.\u06f3 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0648 range :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\n172.16.0.0\/12<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\n10.0.0.0\/8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Interface \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc gatewaye:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nvboxnet0 : \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0646\u062c \u06f1\u06f0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\nvboxnet1 : \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0646\u062c \u06f1\u06f7\u06f2<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 interface \u0647\u0627\u06cc *vboxnet \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 IP \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u06f1.\u06f1 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645.<br \/>\n\u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0648 IP \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u06f2\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\n172.16.1.20<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-right:30px;\">\n<p>\n10.10.1.20<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 default gateway \u0631\u0627 \u06f1.\u06f1 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size:16px;\"><strong>\u06f2.\u06f3 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u0641 gw \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 subnet \u06cc\u06a9 ping \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0627 ICMP \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ping 10.10.1.20\r\nPING 10.10.1.20 (10.10.1.20) 56(84) bytes of data.\r\nFrom 10.10.1.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable\r\nFrom 10.10.1.1 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable\r\nFrom 10.10.1.1 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable<\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u0634 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c gw \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 route \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br \/>\n\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631:<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 net-tools \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\">route add -{net|host} $target gw $redirect dev IF\r\nroute add -net 192.168.1.0\/24 gw 172.16.1.1 dev eth0<\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 route \u0628\u0647 Routing Table \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u06f1\u06f7\u06f2.\u06f1\u06f6.\u06f1.\u06f1 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc eth0 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<br \/>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 iprout2 \u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip route add 192.168.1.0\/24 via 172.16.1.1 dev eth0<\/pre>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u0634\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 route \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip r add 10.0.0.0\/8 via 172.16.1.1 dev vboxnet1\r\n# ip r add 172.16.0.0\/12 via 10.10.1.1 dev vboxnet0 <\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0641 route \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"theme:dark-terminal font:liberation-mono font-size:14 nums:false line-height:20 toolbar:2 scroll:true lang:sh decode:true plain:false\"># ip r add  10.0.0.0\/8 eth1 ###at 172.16.1.20\r\n# ip r add   172.16.0.0\/12  eth0  ###at 10.10.1.20<\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647:<\/strong> \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc DHCP Server \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f route \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 client \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 release \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0627 watch \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u2026!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06f2 Routing Table \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc local \u0648 main \u062a\u0627 \u06f2\u06f5\u06f2 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 route \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 RPDB \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 Routing Policy Database \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 ip route \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0632 ip rule \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 RPDB \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/?p=621\" class=\"more-link\">\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">iproute2 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 net-tools (\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a: static routing) (\u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0645)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,111,109],"tags":[225,226,216,223,227,214,218,219,221,217,220,224,92,222,215],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/621"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=621"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/621\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":896,"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/621\/revisions\/896"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=621"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=621"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pahlevanzadeh.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}